9 Analog to digital converter (ADCs); Computer hardware; Computer hardware and computer peripheral devices; Computer memory hardware; Computer networking hardware; Computers and computer hardware; Data processing apparatus; Digital to analog converters (DACs); Downloadable computer software and firmware for a series of operations to be performed in a dendritic computational element; Downloadable computer software and firmware for a series of computational operations to be performed in an element of a neural net; Downloadable computer software and firmware for a series of operations to be performed in a neural network element; Micro-processors; Microprocessors; Microprocessors; Microprocessors and semi-conductors; Central processing units for processing information, data, sound or images; Electronic data processing apparatus; Graphics processor units (GPUs)