45 safety and efficacy services, namely, risk mitigation and pharmacovigilance services, prescription drug monitoring programs, analyzing clinical data in healthcare databases, clinical trials, health economics and outcomes research in the fields of healthcare and pharmaceuticals, organizing, managing, and tracking data during development of a clinical trial, creating and updating clinical guidelines in the fields of healthcare and pharmaceuticals; consultation services in the field of research compliance, namely, regulatory compliance consultation services in the field of clinical trials involving human subjects; regulatory compliance consultation services in the field of informed consent protocols for clinical trial participants, Pregnancy registries, Pregnancy Root cause analysis, Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy administration, Observational Research Real world Evidence, Real world Data, Knowledge Attitude and Behavior Surveys, Proprietary Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy Platform, Expanded Patient Access Programs, Clinical Trial and Post Marketing Case Processing, Post Marketing Commitments, Post Marketing Requirements, Risk Minimization Plans, Risk Evaluation and Mitigation, Patient HUB, Benefit Investigation, Interventional Clinical Trials, Natural History Studies, Pragmatic Studies Design and Administration of Outcomes Based Agreements (or value based agreements), Federated Registries, Integrated Registries, Decentralized Studies, and Patient Recruitment Strategy