1 Metal oxide and layers of metal oxides being advanced materials, nanomaterials, dispersions, formulations, and nanocomposites, namely, Titania-based nanomaterials, Zirconia-based nanomaterials, Hafnia-based nanomaterials, mixtures or layers of titania with zirconia or hafnia nanomaterials; Metal oxides and layers of metal oxides being liquid dispersions of Titania, Zirconia, Hafnia, Titania core with Zirconia shell and Titania core with Hafnia shell nanocrystals in solvents, monomers, polymers, and resins; all the foregoing for use in the manufacture of electronics, semiconductors, optical components and films, industrial products, sensors, and optics