5 Pharmaceutical preparations for modulating G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), GPCR ligands, GPCR transducer proteins, and GPCR interacting proteins; pharmaceutical preparations for use in neurology, endocrinology, metabolism, immunology, oncology, cardiovascular medicine, gastroenterology, pain, anesthesiology, dermatology, ophthalmology, psychiatry, pulmonology, urology, reproductive medicine, and orthopedics; pharmaceutical preparations and substances that are used alone or in combination with other pharmaceuticals, preparations or substances, and that act on various GPCRs, GPCR ligands, GPCR transducer proteins, and GPCR interacting proteins; chemical and biochemical preparations and substances for medical purposes for treatment and/or diagnosis of neurological disorders, endocrine disorders, metabolic disorders, autoimmune diseases and immunological disorders, cancer, cardiovascular disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, pain, ophthalmic disorders, psychiatric disorders, respiratory disorders, urologic and reproductive disorders, and musculoskeletal disorders; pharmaceutical preparations for targeting GPCRs, GPCR ligands, GPCR transducer proteins, and GPCR interacting proteins; biological preparations for the treatment of neurological disorders, endocrine disorders, metabolic disorders, autoimmune diseases and immunological disorders, cancer, cardiovascular disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, pain, ophthalmic disorders, psychiatric disorders, respiratory disorders, urologic and reproductive disorders, and musculoskeletal disorders; Biochemical and chemical reagents for testing and characterizing G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), for use in medical research