9 Computer software and firmware that facilitates the identification and authentication of near field communication (NFC) tags; computer software and hardware for providing authentication and identification data for NFC tags; Integrated circuit chips for use in smart cards, RFID cards, RFID tags, RFID key fobs, RFID labels, NFC tags, NFC labels, and NFC equipped devices, namely, mobile phones, smart phones and mobile tablets; software for authenticating, identifying, reading, writing, and exchanging of information onto NFC tags that are on-board smartphones, tablet computers and other hand held communication devices; computer software for integration of information logic and data between NFC tags and NFC capable devices; computer software for the issuance and management of digital certificates and digital keys used for authentication or identification of NFC tags; computer software for encrypting and authenticating data; computer software for encryption; computer software for use in the encryption and decryption of digital files; mobile device software for downloading and implementing access control functionality for identity verification and access or denial of access to digital data, physical premises or computer networks; physical access control systems and devices, namely, smart cards, RFID cards, NFC enabled devices, smart card readers, RFID readers, NFC readers, system control panels and door hardware; logical access control systems and devices, namely, smart cards, RFID cards, NFC enabled devices, smart card readers, RFID readers, NFC readers, system control panels. physical and logical access control systems and devices, namely, smart cards, RFID cards, NFC enabled devices, smart card readers, RFID readers, NFC readers, system control panels and door hardware; encoded smart cards containing programming used for access control systems; electronic card readers; electronic card readers/enroller; electronic RFID card and NFC enabled device readers and controllers for controlling access to a premises; near field communication (NFC) technology-enabled readers