9 Blank magnetic, optical and electronic information carriers and magnetic, optical and electronic information carriers pre-recorded with identification data and authentication data, in the form of foils, foil sheetings, foil strips, foil patches, stickers, labels, vignettes, bands, tokens, coins, discs, cards and plates featuring encoding means, namely, featuring optical marking substances, machine-readable marking substances, optically-effective spatial structures, optical diffractive structures, holographic structures, optical effect pigments, pigments, or combinations thereof, for use as identification means, authentication means or money replacement means or for use with banknotes, bills or payment means; magnetic, optical and electronically encoded identification devices and authentication devices in the form of encoded foil sheetings, foil strips, foil bands, foil patches, stickers, labels, bands, threads, discs, cards or plates, encoded with layers with marking substances, with magnetic layers, optical layers, pigmented layers, electrically conductive layers, and with optical structures, for use for the storing, processing and display of information; encoded identification devices and encoded authentication devices, namely, data carriers in the form of encoded foils, foil strips, foil patches, stickers, labels, bands, threads, discs, cards and images, with marking substances, optically active spatial structures, optical diffraction structures, holographic structures, optically effective effect pigments, and with pigments; optical security elements in form of optically-encoded data carriers for integration into banknotes, into goods or into documents, containing authentication information and authentication data for certifying the authenticity of banknotes and for the authentication of persons or goods or documents; optical data carriers in the form of optical security foils primarily of plastics which contain optically encoded information carriers and optically encoded structures with authentication data for certifying the authenticity of persons, goods, documents, passes, IDs and other identification documents, certificates, banknotes, bills, payment means or money replacement means or other documents of value; all afore-mentioned goods also for use as encoding means with marking substances, optically active interference layers, polarization layers and/or liquid crystal layers and/or with optically active spatial structures, optical diffraction structures, holographic structures, optically effective effect pigments, pigments or combinations thereof; magnetic, optical, electric and electronic parts and components in form of foil sheetings and foil bands, foil patches, stickers, labels, bands, threads, discs, cards or plates which are encoded and/or provided with optical structures and/or pigmented layers and/or with layers with marking substances, for storing, processing and/or display of information; identification devices, authentication devices and money replacement means, namely, data carriers in form of coins, cards, discs, stamps, plates, tokens, bands as well as sheets and foils of plastics, synthetic materials, paper or metal, which are encoded or provided with optical effect structures; encoded embossing stamps, encoded sheets and foils of metal which contain identification data and authentication data and feature optical effect structures, for use as identification devices, authentication devices and money replacement means; encoding means, namely, magnetic and optical data carriers and data carriers carrying magnetically, optically and electronically recorded and encoded identification and authentication information in form of covers and sheaths, dimensionally-stable sheaths of plastic, except for packaging purposes, stamping foils, transfer foils, thermal transfer foils and laminating foils, also in form of bands or patches, except for packaging, all these goods as encoding devices containing marking substances, optically active spatial structures, optical diffraction structures, holographic structures, optically effective effect pigments, pigments, magnetic structures, electrically conductive structures, electronic circuits, or combinations thereof; electronic security tags and electronic security labels for goods; electric and optical data processing apparatus; apparatus for checking and validating the authenticity of banknotes; detectors and optical readers for optical security features or optically-active identification features of goods and documents; blank magnetic data carriers; blank magnetic and optical and electronic data carriers; magnetic and optical and electronic data carriers, pre-recorded with identification information and authentication information; computer hardware; peripheral devices for computers; portable mini-computers, mobile telephones, personal digital assistants (PDA); data processing apparatus and electronic and optical and opto-electronic checking and testing devices, also portable, particularly for detecting, checking and verifying of optical effects, markings, marking substances and optical security features; downloadable firmware and software and recorded firmware and software, for controlling and operating data processing apparatus and testing devices; computer peripheral devices for detecting, checking and verifying of optical effects, markings, marking substances and optical security features; computer software, downloadable, and recorded computer software, particularly for detecting, checking and verifying of optical effects, markings, marking substances and optical security features; downloadable and recorded computer software for database management, for database integration and electronic databases in the field of product and document validation and authentication, tracking and tracing of goods and documents and identity validation and authentication; downloadable computer software and recorded computer software, particularly computer database software and client software for providing access to databases; downloadable computer software and recorded computer software for checking and verifying of optical effects, markings, marking substances and optical security features, the authenticity of goods and documents, for tracking and tracing of goods and documents as well as for authentication validation and identity validation; downloadable computer software and recorded computer software for database administration and database management; downloadable computer software and recorded computer software for decryption and encryption of information and data; downloadable and recorded software and firmware for use as updates, patches and upgrades for all afore-mentioned software and firmware; downloadable electronic documentations in the field of product and document authentication, in the field of plastics and paper processing, product design and decoration, product and document security, operation of machines and of computer software and hardware and downloadable electronic publications in the nature of books, manuals and newsletters in these aforementioned fields