10 Medical and veterinary testing and diagnostic apparatus for biological, chemical, biochemical, DNA, RNA, protein and molecular analysis; electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) devices for medical and veterinary purposes; automated medical apparatus and instruments for the extraction and preparation of test samples for medical and veterinary purposes; portable medical and veterinary testing and diagnostic apparatus for biological, chemical, biochemical, DNA, RNA, protein and molecular analysis; liquid biopsy instruments; blood testing apparatus; diagnostic apparatus for medical or veterinary purposes for pregnancy testing, and for detecting pathogenic, infectious, psychiatric, oncogenic, metabolic, genetic, respiratory, genitourinary, digestive, inflammatory, autoimmune, reproductive, hepatic, central nervous system, degenerative and cardiovascular diseases or conditions; portable diagnostic apparatus for medical or veterinary purposes for pregnancy testing, and for detecting pathogenic, infectious, psychiatric, oncogenic, metabolic, genetic, respiratory, genitourinary, digestive, inflammatory, autoimmune, reproductive, hepatic, central nervous system, degenerative and cardiovascular diseases or conditions; testing apparatus for medical or veterinary purposes for detecting pathogenic, infectious, psychiatric, oncogenic, metabolic, genetic, respiratory, genitourinary, digestive, inflammatory, autoimmune, reproductive, hepatic, central nervous system, degenerative and cardiovascular diseases or conditions; portable testing apparatus for medical or veterinary purposes for detecting pathogenic, infectious, psychiatric, oncogenic, metabolic, genetic, respiratory, genitourinary, digestive, inflammatory, autoimmune, reproductive, hepatic, central nervous system, degenerative and cardiovascular diseases or conditions; cartridges for test samples and cartridges for use with concentrates and solutions in solid or liquid form for medical use, detecting pathogenic, infectious, psychiatric, oncogenic, metabolic, genetic, respiratory, genitourinary, digestive, inflammatory, autoimmune, reproductive, hepatic, central nervous system, degenerative and cardiovascular diseases or conditions; diagnostic apparatus and instruments in the nature of reaction units containing chemical reagents, namely, reaction systems for medical testing purposes, not for research purposes; medical apparatus, namely, nanopore sensing devices for medical purposes