9 Data processing apparatus and computers; equipment for data processing, namely, computers; computer peripherals; computer servers; software for uploading and downloading, parking, modification, deletion, evaluation, verification, management, development, and customization of applications on cards, namely, chip-based cards; computers and computer peripherals for use in connection with cards; microcomputers; laptop computers; hand-held computer encryption software; encryption keys, namely, electronic encryption units; computer programs, and software for the identification, and authentication of the person and electronic signature, namely, for access to networks; computer programs and software for the storing, secure transmission and retrieval of information or data; traceability software for the management and securing of documents and printed matter; computer programs and software for communication between chip based cards and chip card readers and computer terminals; computer programs and software for sending, displaying and storing financial and identification information or data, and for identification operations and transactions; software for controlling operations and transactions by cards, namely, chip-based cards; chip card readers; access code electronic card readers; apparatus for writing on chip-based cards, namely, impact printers; terminals for chip-based cards, namely, chip card readers; integrated circuits; electronic chips for the manufacturer of integrated circuits; microprocessors; electronic circuit cards and electronically encoded badges for use with time clocks, with or without contacts, electronic encoded cards and badges for use as, access cards and badges, for single or multiple access to transport services and transport networks; electronic card reading apparatus for checking the authenticity of cards, badges, passports, visas, driving licenses, identity documents or identification documents; electronic detectors of defects in access documents, namely, electronic card readers; integrated circuit cards; blank electronic chip-based cards; programmable encoded electronic chip cards; electronic RFID identification cards and badges; radio frequency identification transmitter-receiver cards and badges; radio frequency identification cards and badges; electronic key cards for secure access, to computer and telecommunications networks; electronic key cards usable for the access to services and the implementation of operations and transactions on computer networks and telecommunications; magnetically encoded identity cards; identification apparatus and instruments in the nature of access control using biometric data, namely, magnetically encoded identity cards; magnetically encoded credit cards and payment cards