9 Fuel cells, batteries and accumulators for vehicles; computer programs, software and control programs for the operation and testing of internal combustion engines, for the study of exhaust gas emissions, their occurrence and reduction, and for strains, stresses, oscillations, noise generation, noise propagation, and noise emission; computer programs and data media with stored software for external flow of moving parts and bodies, in particular of land, air, and sea vehicles; computer programs and data media with stored software for the study of flow processes and combustion processes and fuel-mixture generation and charging processes and fuel-mixture laminating processes within an engine, for flows in enclosed spaces, in particular air conditioning; computer programs and data media with stored software for the simulation of thermodynamic processes, flows, temperature and pressure curves, the temperature distribution in solid bodies, in particular in components of internal combustion engines and their assemblies, of combustion and detonation procedures; computer programs and data media with stored software for the evaluation and development of engines, gear drive, transmission topologies, vehicles and operational strategies; computer programs and data media with stored software for the qualitative and quantitative assessment of the exhaust of engines and vehicles; computer programs for the assistance of the test engineer during the performance of the calibration of engines and vehicles; computer programs and data media with stored software for diagnostic and monitoring apparatus and instruments for vehicle batteries and fuel cells; computer programs and data media with stored software for the assessment and development of electric motors and hybrid drives; diagnostic and monitoring apparatus and instruments for vehicle batteries, for externally and internally driven internal combustion engines; electric actuators; sensors, measuring probes and apparatus for measuring, probing and monitoring the concentration of electrolytes, the hydrogen ion concentration, the oxygen partial pressure, the carbon dioxide partial pressure; fiber optical sensors and instruments for simultaneous measurement of various parameters in the nature of oxygen partial pressure, carbon dioxide partial pressure, hydrogen ion concentration, concentration of electrolytes; electrochemical electrodes; micro electrodes; micro-optical and micro-electrochemical sensors with evaluation electronics, not for medical use, namely, for industrial research and testing, in particular for exhaust analysis; microwave interferometers; microwave sensors; optical sensors; reference electrodes; capillary electrodes; electrode testing devices, not for medical use, namely, for industrial research and testing; calibrating apparatus and instruments for calibrating optical, microwave, micro-optical and micro-electrochemical, and fiber optical sensors and measuring devices; devices for measuring the composition of exhaust, of pressure vibrations in liquids, of structure-borne noise and airborne noise; measuring and evaluation apparatus and instruments for the evaluation and analysis of drivability of vehicles; measuring and evaluation apparatus and instruments for the thermo-dynamical evaluation of combustion engines; measuring apparatus and instruments for determination of the resonance behavior of piezoelectric pressure sensors; piezoelectric resonators; piezoelectric and electro-acoustic components, namely, piezoelectric pressure sensors, piezoelectric resonators, piezoelectric switches for use in test stands and vehicles; measuring apparatus, measuring instruments and evaluation units for studying flow phenomena in liquids and gases; electro-optical measuring apparatus and instruments, velocity measuring apparatus and instruments, torsional vibration measuring apparatus and instruments and laser-optical measuring instruments for studying flow phenomena in liquids and gases; acceleration sensors; pressure sensors; flow rate sensors; electric charge amplifiers in the nature of power amplifiers; apparatus for testing liquids in the nature of electronic liquid level measuring devices; velocity regulators; high-pressure sensors; cadence calculators, namely, frequency meters; capacitive distance measuring apparatus and instruments for top dead center of piston engines; capacitive and inductive measuring electrical transducers; force encoder; position encoder; angle marker generators in the nature of laser-beam emitting device which projects angles; densitometers for use in industrial material testing; temperature measuring devices not for medical use; test beds, test machines, test device, testing apparatus and testing instruments for development of engines, components of vehicles, namely, drive trains and gear systems, alternative fuels and lubes and for the testing of air plane components; partially and completely automatic engine test stands; force measurement gauges and equipment, namely, power brakes for test stands; monitoring apparatus and instruments for the operating state of internal combustion engines, namely, testing equipment for testing emissions, pressure, temperature, fuel consumption and engine speed; monitoring apparatus and instruments for the controlling of combustion engines, instruments and devices for determining the concentration of a material contained in a substance, namely, concentration meters; static and dynamic calibration facilities for high-pressure sensors, namely, calibration sensors; precision measuring devices for determining internal diameters on pipes