10 [Medical imaging apparatus for displaying medical images for medical purposes, namely, for neurosurgical applications; Medical imaging apparatus for displaying medical images for medical purposes, namely, for orthopaedic; Medical imaging apparatus for displaying medical images for medical purposes, namely, for trauma-specific applications; Medical imaging apparatus for displaying medical images for medical purposes, namely, for spinal; Medical imaging apparatus for displaying medical images for medical purposes, namely, for radiotherapeutic or radiosurgical applications; Medical imaging apparatus for displaying medical images for medical purposes, namely, for robot-assisted applications; Medical imaging apparatus for displaying medical images for medical purposes, namely, for applications in ear, nose and throat surgery; Medical imaging apparatus for displaying medical images for medical purposes, namely, for applications for three-dimensionally registering or referencing patient location data; surgical instruments and apparatus for neurosurgical, orthopedic and radiotherapeutical purposes, for robot-assisted applications, for applications in ear, nose and throat surgery, and for applications for three-dimensionally registering or referencing patient location data; medical and surgical robots, and parts therefor; radiotherapeutic or radiosurgical apparatus; adapters for endoscopes and microscopes, and connection cables; medical devices for acquiring and adjusting radiation points for medical purposes; medical systems and components for precisely positioning patients for medical purposes; nuclear spin tomographs; ultrasound diagnostics apparatus; x-ray apparatus for medical use; intra-operative, image-guided localization systems for medical purposes; systems for software-controlled precision treatment for medical procedures purposes, consisting of localizers, stereotatic neurosurgical arcs, biopsy kits, fixation adapters, instrument calibration matrixes and fixation rings, planning stations, computers, couch mounts, collimators, target positioners, film holders, mask systems, couch stabilizers, couch adapters, radiation devices, linear accelerators, gantries, microscope adapters, fixation pins, neck and head immobilization devices; probes, sensors, electronic apparatus and image presentation apparatus all being parts of medical imaging systems; probes, sensors, electronic apparatus and image presentation apparatus all being parts of medical imaging systems; instruments and apparatus for characterizing structures in patient data sets produced using medical image acquiring devices, namely, computer tomographs, nuclear spin tomographs, ultrasound diagnostic apparatus, and x-ray diagnostic apparatus; instruments and apparatus for indicating contours of anatomical structures in image displays and for automatically recognizing complete structures; devices for detecting and adjusting radiation points for medical purposes; systems and components for positioning patients precisely for radiotherapeutic, radiosurgical or neurosurgical applications, namely, collimators, leaf collimators and micro leaf collimators for adjusting and forming beam forms in radio-therapeutic and radiosurgical applications, infrared and video cameras and accessories, patient markers, control computers, monitors, isocenter phantoms, calibration phantoms, patient trays, head holders and adaptors, vacuum pumps, vacuum cushions, referencing stars, ultra-sound phantoms and ultrasound adaptors, and x-ray registration kits; apparatus for controlling medical or surgical robots;] supplementary devices for medical or surgical robots, namely, [control boxes,] instrument adapters, tool holders [; reference marker arrays; integrated operating room facilities, comprising intra-operative magnetic resonance imaging systems comprised of a magnetic resonance imaging magnet, computed tomography and x-ray imaging systems, operating room tables, medical systems and components for precisely positioning patients for medical purposes, ultrasound diagnostics apparatus, image-guided localization systems for medical purposes, electronic apparatus and image presentation apparatus all being parts of medical imaging systems, instruments and apparatus for indicating contours of anatomical structures in image displays and for automatically recognizing complete structures, devices for detecting and adjusting radiation points for medical purposes, infrared and video cameras and accessories, patient markers, control computers, monitors, apparatus for controlling medical or surgical robots; intra-operative, image-guided localization systems for surgical applications, in particular for neurosurgical, orthopaedic, stereotactic and radiosurgical applications and for applications in ear, nose and throat surgery, namely, cameras, monitors, image presenting apparatus, namely, computer monitors, printers, x-ray image presenting devices, photo presenting devices, image projectors and other devices for displaying images, computers, reference clamps, pointers, surgical instruments, registration markers and marker spheres, body markers, cannulae, laptops, docking stations, panel pads, headsets, head rings, remote control devices, probes, sensors, instrument adaptors, virtual keyboards, dental referencing units, laser pointers, phantom pointers; systems for software-controlled precision treatment in neurosurgery, orthopaedics, radiotherapy, radiosurgery and in ear, nose and throat surgery, namely, localizers, stereotactic and neurosurgical arcs, biopsy kits, fixation adaptors, instrument calibration matrices and fixation rings, planning stations, computers, couch mounts, collimators, target positions, film holders, mask systems, couch stabilizers, couch adaptors, radiation apparatus, linear accelerators, gantries, microscope adaptors, fixation pins, head and neck immobilization units; instruments and apparatus for characterizing structures in patient data sets produced using medical image forming apparatus, namely, computer tomographs, nuclear spin tomographs, ultrasound diagnostic apparatus, and x-ray diagnostic apparatus; marking aids for indicating contours of anatomical structures in image displays of sectional patient images, and for automatically recognizing complete structures on the basis of indicated individual contours; instruments and apparatus for three-dimensionally registering or referencing patient location data by producing light markings, in particular light reflection points, by means of light emitters, in particular infrared light emitters or light pointers or laser light emitters; light pointers, laser light pointers, and infrared laser light pointers for medical use; reference markers or reference marker arrangements which are attached to medical or surgical instruments or patients for referencing purposes; medical or surgical pointers]