9 Apparatus and instruments for generating, switching, editing and routing television, video, and audio signals, namely, cameras, [ camcorders, ] routers, switchers, multiplexers, demultiplexers, intelligent video digital recorders, master control systems for use in television broadcasting comprised of video processors, audio processors, serial ports, file servers, production switchers, routing switchers, [ video tape recorders, ] control console, control panels, software for control of routers and videotape recorders, software for creating digital video effects, software for branding video content, redundant power supplies and emergency backup switchers; distribution amplifiers, generators, oscillators, acquisition circuits, signal converters, television and audio-video transmitters and receivers; servers, namely, media servers, video servers, and broadcasting servers; media storage devices, namely, media servers, solid-state media recorders, and removable media drives and disks; apparatus for generating, controlling, and reproducing video special effects for television, video production, and the movies; postproduction equipment and apparatus, namely, [ scanners, telecines used to transfer motion picture films to a digital format, ]solid-state recorders, software in the field of post production, converters; video compression and networking apparatus and instruments, namely, encoders, decoders, network adaptors; computer programs for the production and editing of programs and television signals and audio-video signals [ ; movie apparatus, namely, cinematographic cameras, solid-state recorders, scanners, telecines used to transfer motion picture films to a digital format, software in the field of post production, color space converter for use in color grading and color correction, and grain reduction hardware and software ]