9 Apparatus and equipment for information processing, namely, computers and computer peripherals; computer software for use in computer chips; integrated circuits; electronic chip cards and integrated microcircuits for memory cards; software in the fields of finance, leisure, games, ticketing, telecommunications, accuracy, education, identification, access control, pay-tv, security, health, medicine, transport, metering, measurement, closed environments, localization and information technologies all for secure communications and secure coding of data, authentication, access, digital signatures; software for card reading apparatus for the purpose of secure credit card transactions; computer aided design software for the purpose of designing secure access programs for electronic chip cards, card readers and card reading apparatus and card reading equipment using chip cards; computer programs for authentication of users of, permitting access to, and generating and receiving digital signatures at computers, data bases, and networks; computer operating programs and computer operating systems for all chip card readers, encoders, computer operating microprogramming systems, coders, and decoders; computer chips, integrated circuits, printed circuits, electrical microcircuits, blank smart cards, namely, blank electronic chip cards, blank integrated circuit cards, blank integrated microcircuit cards, computer hardware memory cards, magnetic coded cards, electronic blank smart cards, blank smart contactless cards, magnetically encoded plastic debit cards, subscriber identification smart cards and electronic wallets; card readers of chip cards and cards with integrated circuits and microcircuits; computer operating systems for operating with chip cards, cards with integrated circuits and microcircuits; smart card readers, tags with electronic chips, microcircuits with integrated circuits, integrated circuits with electronic memory, integrated circuits without contact; encoded electronic plastic tags; electronic and magnetic code tag readers; information processing and access devices, namely, data processors and signal processors; apparatus and equipment enabling access, access control, identification and authentication in relation to the telephone network, namely, computer modems, telephone receivers, telephone transmitters, telephones and cellular telephones; computer network security software for decrypting and encrypting computer programs and integrating circuits therefor; network management computer software for interfacing between card and tag readers and networks and computers; transponders