9 Computer software for calculating spectral electromagnetic transmittance, radiance, and irradiance, namely, effects from thermal and non-thermal emissions, reflectance, absorption, scattering, and excited atomic and molecular vibrational and rotational states, along with their spatial and temporal fluctuations, for refractive lines-of-sight through the earth's atmosphere incident at user-defined locations, for electromagnetic waves emanating from natural sources, namely, the earth's surface, the atmosphere and atmospheric structures, and from extra-terrestrial and anthropogenic sources