9 FIBER OPTIC NETWORK COMPONENTS, DEVICES AND SUBSYSTEMS, NAMELY, VARIABLE OPTICAL ATTENUATORS (VOA), VARIABLE OPTICAL ATTENUATOR ARRAYS, VARIABLE OPTICAL EQUALIZERS, OPTICAL CROSS-CONNECT SWITCHING SYSTEMS (OXC), FIBER LENS ARRAYS, DYNAMIC GAIN EQUALIZERS, RECONFIGURABLE OPTICAL ADD-DROP MULTIPLEXERS (ROADM), TUNABLE LASER MULTIPLEXERS, AND INFRARED AND VISIBLE POSITION SENSING ARRAYS