9 electronic digital audio signal encoders and decoders for use in motion pictures, cable television, high definition television, digital television, digital audio systems, terrestrial radio systems, Internet radio systems, satellite-based communications systems, direct broadcast satellite encoders, transmitters and receivers, microwave communications systems, wireless telephony systems, and landline communications systems; prerecorded electronic digital storage media, namely, CDs, magnetic tape, DVDs and solid state memory for use in recording and playback of encoded audio and video programming